OverviewWhat this address is, since when, and how it is doing.TransactionsTransactions of this address and everything inside them — transfers, internal calls, state and storage changes, emitted events, DEX trades.GraphMoney flow and structure around this address.
#25,917,744The chain head this page was rendered at.
Smart accountAn account whose behaviour is code: a Safe, an ERC-4337 account, or an EOA currently delegated under EIP-7702. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.EOA · delegated (EIP-7702)An externally owned account currently executing a delegate’s code. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.Delegated EOAAn externally owned account delegating execution under EIP-7702. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.UpgradeableThe behaviour behind this address can be replaced — through an implementation slot, a beacon, or an EIP-7702 delegation. The mechanisms that earned it are listed with it. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.Validates signaturesThis address can answer whether a signature is valid for it — through ERC-1271, or by being a smart account. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.HistoryThe behaviour of this address has changed before: code recreated, metamorphic, an implementation upgraded, or a past EIP-7702 delegation. A statement about history, not about now. Derived unambiguously from chain data. Known from block 25,508,471 — the earliest block among the facts that earned it.
BalanceNative ETH balance of this address, valued at $2,499.04/ETH
0 ETH
Direct transactionsTop-level transactions to or from this address: sent 463 / received 153. Activity through internal calls, events or token transfers is not counted here.
616
State changesHow many times this address's own account state changed — balance, nonce or code
655
Fees paidTotal gas fees this address has paid as a sender, all time.
1.2142 ETH
ActiveActive within the last year — counting transactions, internal calls, events and token transfers
Chain factsDerived unambiguously from chain data. Each fact is stated only when it was proven — a fact that is absent was not proven, which is not the same as "no".
12
Nature 3Presence 2Derived 7
Relationships
StructuralLinks derived from on-chain deployment and code identity
Delegates toEIP-7702: the contract whose code runs for this account. A statement about NOW — the account can point somewhere else in the next block.MetaMaskSwapRouterMetaMaskSwapRouter (0x88cf071b4bf5facab6712070a671f71282188d46)since 25,508,471The block this delegation was first observed at — it has held since.
Delegated beforeEvery target this account has pointed at, as block intervals. An interval with no end was still open at the edge of the platform's coverage.CrimeEnjoyorCrimeEnjoyor (0x89383882fc2d0cd4d7952a3267a3b6dae967e704)22,552,276–22,810,7130x20bc...869d0x20bc20b274c5b9e258653f828b34c1286ecf869d22,810,713 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2 (0x89046d34e70a65acab2152c26a0c8e493b5ba629)22,810,714–22,810,716CrimeEnjoyor2CrimeEnjoyor2 (0x6b7879a5d747e30a3adb37a9e41c046928fce933)22,810,716–22,921,6430xfafc...c01b0xfafc687c30d03d2d787b551628c3c3eac371c01b22,921,643–22,939,6630x3d56...91ca0x3d560dad46fbcb746ca145fd4e065ac0af7991ca22,939,663–22,939,6710x3bf3...d6120x3bf3846eb3ea815ba1e682c55b78e96de1a8d61222,939,671 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.0x3d56...91ca0x3d560dad46fbcb746ca145fd4e065ac0af7991ca22,939,672–22,947,9490x3ca2...eea00x3ca269ec828a35b292a8cefa1193d18bb244eea022,947,949–22,947,952CrimeEnjoyor2CrimeEnjoyor2 (0x6b7879a5d747e30a3adb37a9e41c046928fce933)22,947,952–22,947,9540x3ca2...eea00x3ca269ec828a35b292a8cefa1193d18bb244eea022,947,954 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2 (0x89046d34e70a65acab2152c26a0c8e493b5ba629)22,947,955–22,947,957CrimeEnjoyor2CrimeEnjoyor2 (0x6b7879a5d747e30a3adb37a9e41c046928fce933)22,947,957–22,956,9520x2f0d...d3f20x2f0de82b6b7c43f275ad9a5deeee614dc159d3f222,956,952–22,956,955CrimeEnjoyor2CrimeEnjoyor2 (0x6b7879a5d747e30a3adb37a9e41c046928fce933)22,956,955–23,020,5300x32a4...e7260x32a4ef6e78a3c59be0df4959f58f284e45d8e72623,020,530–23,227,7550xd6c8...d7650xd6c8bc4cf2861e7877b5a1266a7e528e8881d76523,227,755–23,239,330Multicall3Official — verified contract: Multicall323,239,330–23,239,336CrimeEnjoyor2CrimeEnjoyor2 (0x6b7879a5d747e30a3adb37a9e41c046928fce933)23,239,336–23,246,3480x08f5...30f90x08f5e230d412f0cd475b03b9acb51d1562f730f923,246,348–23,256,5030x9f8c...d00b0x9f8cf4b5bc428d37dbc36c2836891bcf1280d00b23,256,503–23,256,5100x84d0...1f400x84d05511614272694d3a9cebe896514dbde51f4023,256,510–23,480,5670x6c6a...5db50x6c6a5722ca127a2c0828c74cae74c65327c15db523,480,567–23,480,5740x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89923,480,574–23,584,8070xf5ff...7e590xf5ffce6bcbc993667bb7c20a7a444127e4027e5923,584,807–23,584,8140x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89923,584,814–23,586,2010x0c8f...bb050x0c8f1d5c81860cfd7960c0e65ab1059d3850bb0523,586,201–23,586,2050x84d0...1f400x84d05511614272694d3a9cebe896514dbde51f4023,586,205–23,586,2200x0c8f...bb050x0c8f1d5c81860cfd7960c0e65ab1059d3850bb0523,586,220–23,586,2240x84d0...1f400x84d05511614272694d3a9cebe896514dbde51f4023,586,224–23,593,4410x072c...5fdb0x072c2673ade3632594337a98a473d32a17505fdb23,593,441–23,606,418ForwardForward (0x8eac07ec5c61138c5472616e39ccb176ca068c25)23,606,418–23,634,7810x0c8f...bb050x0c8f1d5c81860cfd7960c0e65ab1059d3850bb0523,634,781 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2 (0x89046d34e70a65acab2152c26a0c8e493b5ba629)23,634,782–23,634,7890x5767...93a30x57678b37823e47b13c17cab41b1e9c264c9d93a323,634,789–23,661,0810x072c...5fdb0x072c2673ade3632594337a98a473d32a17505fdb23,661,081–23,661,084GOLDGOLD (0xb59f313dcf8c8107adffeabd0c041c896c64dfca)23,661,084–23,663,9820x072c...5fdb0x072c2673ade3632594337a98a473d32a17505fdb23,663,982–23,663,994GOLDGOLD (0xb59f313dcf8c8107adffeabd0c041c896c64dfca)23,663,994–23,664,8070x072c...5fdb0x072c2673ade3632594337a98a473d32a17505fdb23,664,807–23,664,813GOLDGOLD (0xb59f313dcf8c8107adffeabd0c041c896c64dfca)23,664,813–23,696,3880xff52...02500xff526616d0445e17b1431ddaff6a29366f9d025023,696,388–23,696,3910xd837...00760xd837064f54ce1dfefcbd6b7ac5124c91f741007623,696,391–23,696,4020xff52...02500xff526616d0445e17b1431ddaff6a29366f9d025023,696,402 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2AdvancedCrimeEnjoyor2 (0x89046d34e70a65acab2152c26a0c8e493b5ba629)23,696,403 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.0xd837...00760xd837064f54ce1dfefcbd6b7ac5124c91f741007623,696,404–23,701,8350x9a94...92da0x9a947b783fd0b27e1622481886bb00d86e9b92da23,701,835–23,704,5460xd837...00760xd837064f54ce1dfefcbd6b7ac5124c91f741007623,704,546–23,704,9480x3c3d...19310x3c3d718877a7d95857e1ae74b3963bddefb8193123,704,948–23,758,3720x86f6...bc910x86f637d39c467fb5954390b050cf91b56222bc9123,758,372–23,758,3740xcf61...12f00xcf61b1bb43ab6200f625cdcc2c581a83f4e312f023,758,374 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.0x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89923,758,375–23,816,4550x0000...c7680x0000041f1d03fefdd35a3d9ae75ce12c4ce8c76823,816,455–23,816,4580x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89923,816,458–23,823,9230x0000...2bc10x00000c272170dc4b34d1e2a581f9f7fe48f42bc123,823,923–23,823,9260x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89923,823,926–24,005,3850x0000...2bc10x00000c272170dc4b34d1e2a581f9f7fe48f42bc124,005,385–24,055,5350x3c3d...19310x3c3d718877a7d95857e1ae74b3963bddefb8193124,055,535–24,151,1340x0000...c7680x0000041f1d03fefdd35a3d9ae75ce12c4ce8c76824,151,134–24,151,1370x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89924,151,137–24,202,2360x0000...c7680x0000041f1d03fefdd35a3d9ae75ce12c4ce8c76824,202,236–24,202,2530x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89924,202,253–24,269,5890x221b...310c0x221bb442fe9cd3d2ff637e01cab7097dd3d3310c24,269,589–24,269,5920xd3ca...1af60xd3caa8ecf10cfd59c895991dc10fc0ff43771af624,269,592–24,269,5950x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89924,269,595–24,424,5320x0000...93af0x00000037dee482bf2b5e4d54177732622dc893af24,424,532–24,424,5350x17cb...d8990x17cb2452565c192706f93203a6326f35b8e0d89924,424,535–24,454,7290x0000...93af0x00000037dee482bf2b5e4d54177732622dc893af24,454,729–24,486,9720x0000...00000x000064946ee43ea87b413939b89906967219000024,486,972 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.0xd3ca...1af60xd3caa8ecf10cfd59c895991dc10fc0ff43771af624,486,973–24,542,8660x3c3d...19310x3c3d718877a7d95857e1ae74b3963bddefb8193124,542,866–24,611,1420x0000...93af0x00000037dee482bf2b5e4d54177732622dc893af24,611,142–24,611,235MetaMaskSwapRouterMetaMaskSwapRouter (0xaa0f46f144af22965aa33dd6d530da4fa215866a)24,611,235–24,622,9420x0000...93af0x00000037dee482bf2b5e4d54177732622dc893af24,622,942–24,623,314MetaMaskSwapRouterMetaMaskSwapRouter (0xaa0f46f144af22965aa33dd6d530da4fa215866a)24,623,314–24,765,078ForwarderForwarder (0x0727ca41efc85f75cef26ee48f825893b4836786)24,765,078–25,118,0130x989a...254e0x989a17fb6686cbe9091631e46702aafb026e254e25,118,013–25,118,0150x5459...a8bf0x545940f521452b4138b360ad55e28667ea07a8bf25,118,015–25,118,0170x310b...526e0x310b21747ee20251ead67f4f155a19d28839526e25,118,017–25,118,019ForwarderForwarder (0xfc2c64ce1c098a7328874dd09d9a71e306d1a948)25,118,019–25,118,113MetaMaskSwapRouterMetaMaskSwapRouter (0x88cf071b4bf5facab6712070a671f71282188d46)25,118,113–25,121,5450x1fef...af3e0x1fefc17c59d15d03bcc421c517e4f7bd97d4af3e25,121,545 · one blockThis relation held for exactly one block.MetaMaskSwapRouterMetaMaskSwapRouter (0x88cf071b4bf5facab6712070a671f71282188d46)25,121,546–25,508,4650x09b7...ecf80x09b7496152fe1136ecfdc60d79d40f56837fecf825,508,465–25,508,471
Same bytecodeContracts whose runtime bytecode is byte-identical to this oneused by 69.2K contracts
Timeline
LondonLondon · block 12,965,000. EIP-1559: blocks carry a base fee, and part of every fee is burnt.MergeMerge · block 15,537,394. Proof of stake. Difficulty goes to zero and block times settle at 12 seconds.ShapellaShapella · block 17,034,871. Validator withdrawals begin — the first stake leaves the beacon chain.DencunDencun · block 19,426,587. EIP-4844: blob-carrying transactions, with their own gas market.PectraPectra · block 22,431,084. EIP-7702: an EOA can carry a delegation to contract code.FusakaFusaka · block 23,935,694. Blob capacity steps up on a schedule of its own (BPO), past the Pectra ceiling.
5M10M15M20M25M
10,792,390First block where this address appeared in on-chain state· 2020-09-04 · 6.0y ago25,508,465Newest block across the activity streams the platform could consult, inbound included. Events 23,696,402 · Token transfers 25,508,465 · Internal transfers 24,424,532 · Direct transactions 25,121,551· 2026-07-11 · 57d ago
First seenFirst block where this address appeared in on-chain state
Last activeNewest block across the activity streams the platform could consult, inbound included. Events 23,696,402 · Token transfers 25,508,465 · Internal transfers 24,424,532 · Direct transactions 25,121,551
Ranked by how OFTEN the two interacted, not by how much value passed — that is the Graph. Ordered, not numbered: hundreds can sit tied at the tail.Every interaction the graph holds, as of the block named beside itall time · as of block 25,917,59820 of 363 counterpartiesCounted by the platform’s degree registry, which is maintained separately from the ranking — at a block the number is recounted and can differ slightly.
Orbiter Finance: BridgeOrbiter Finance: Bridge (0x80c67432656d59144ceff962e8faf8926599bcf8)24 dir24 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 14 of them this address was the sender, in 10 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~1199d agoLast: block 17,283,595 · ~2023-05-26. First ever: block 16,625,834 · ~2023-02-23. Dates estimated from the block distance.24 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Lido: stETH TokenOfficial — verified contract: Lido: stETH Token4 dir · 9 nft4 direct transactions, 9 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 4 of them this address was the sender, in 9 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~667d agoLast: block 21,109,700 · ~2024-11-07. First ever: block 19,082,799 · ~2024-01-31. Dates estimated from the block distance.13 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Tether: USDT StablecoinOfficial — verified contract: Tether: USDT Stablecoin13 dir13 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (13); it received nothing from the other.last ~777d agoLast: block 20,316,064 · ~2024-07-20. First ever: block 13,183,334 · ~2021-11-02. Dates estimated from the block distance.12 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded. 1 more reverted.
Circle: USDC TokenOfficial — verified contract: Circle: USDC Token15 dir15 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (15); it received nothing from the other.last ~777d agoLast: block 20,316,062 · ~2024-07-20. First ever: block 10,793,208 · ~2020-12-05. Dates estimated from the block distance.12 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded. 3 more reverted.
Binance 15Binance 15 (0x21a31ee1afc51d94c2efccaa2092ad1028285549)11 dir · 1 tok11 direct transactions, 1 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the recipient in all of them (12); it sent nothing to the other.last ~796d agoLast: block 20,183,016 · ~2024-07-01. First ever: block 13,198,616 · ~2021-11-04. Dates estimated from the block distance.12 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Starknet StarkGate ETH BridgeOfficial — verified contract: Starknet StarkGate ETH Bridge11 dir · 3 int11 direct transactions, 3 with an internal call — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 11 of them this address was the sender, in 3 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~1090d agoLast: block 18,062,533 · ~2023-09-11. First ever: block 16,625,670 · ~2023-02-23. Dates estimated from the block distance.11 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x0c5b...8f190x0c5b4485d96a15e691f77b8b1d7eaee70f388f196 dir · 3 tok6 direct transactions, 3 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 6 of them this address was the sender, in 3 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~600d agoLast: block 21,592,577 · ~2025-01-13. First ever: block 20,574,611 · ~2024-08-25. Dates estimated from the block distance.9 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Pendle Router (V4)Official — verified contract: Pendle Router (V4)9 dir · 1 tok · 5 int9 direct transactions, 1 with a token transfer, 5 with an internal call — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 9 of them this address was the sender, in 5 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~774d agoLast: block 20,339,810 · ~2024-07-23. First ever: block 20,183,123 · ~2024-07-01. Dates estimated from the block distance.9 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Renzo: EzethsyntheticRenzo: Ezeth (0xbf5495efe5db9ce00f80364c8b423567e58d2110)9 dir9 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (9); it received nothing from the other.last ~776d agoLast: block 20,326,749 · ~2024-07-21. First ever: block 19,475,468 · ~2024-03-25. Dates estimated from the block distance.9 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
BinanceBinance (0xf4250c2cb8c27e7398b335d762f5bd3b9544ac73)4 dir · 5 tok4 direct transactions, 5 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (9); it received nothing from the other.last ~1275d agoLast: block 16,730,734 · ~2023-03-10. First ever: block 10,795,378 · ~2020-12-06. Dates estimated from the block distance.9 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0xb0d1...5fd00xb0d166a589458669ebc5095dcc6def505acb5fd09 dir9 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 4 of them this address was the sender, in 5 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~1293d agoLast: block 16,602,975 · ~2023-02-20. First ever: block 16,602,284 · ~2023-02-20. Dates estimated from the block distance.9 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x4791...5ff60x4791eb2224d272655e8d5da171bb07dd5a805ff68 dir8 direct transactions — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the recipient in all of them (8); it sent nothing to the other.last ~308d agoLast: block 23,696,404 · ~2025-11-01. First ever: block 22,810,714 · ~2025-07-01. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x49b4...c69f0x49b4837f5dd66a3165e8a05393897d29340dc69f5 dir · 3 tok5 direct transactions, 3 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 7 of them this address was the sender, in 1 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~769d agoLast: block 20,377,738 · ~2024-07-29. First ever: block 20,326,706 · ~2024-07-21. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
ether.fi ETHOfficial — verified contract: ether.fi ETH7 dir · 1 nft7 direct transactions, 1 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 7 of them this address was the sender, in 1 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~777d agoLast: block 20,316,482 · ~2024-07-20. First ever: block 19,146,480 · ~2024-02-09. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x076a...81d60x076af47818b1c83f2f9b64a3a9c74942d4e681d64 dir · 4 tok4 direct transactions, 4 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (8); it received nothing from the other.last ~783d agoLast: block 20,275,999 · ~2024-07-14. First ever: block 17,718,728 · ~2023-07-25. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Pendle: Router V3Pendle: Router V3 (0x00000000005bbb0ef59571e58418f9a4357b68a0)8 dir · 6 tok · 1 int8 direct transactions, 6 with a token transfer, 1 with an internal call — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 8 of them this address was the sender, in 1 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~867d agoLast: block 19,673,900 · ~2024-04-22. First ever: block 19,146,485 · ~2024-02-09. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x943d...a4bb0x943d1c971267f7cd7a9da70dc40b11784ba6a4bb3 dir · 5 tok3 direct transactions, 5 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the sender in all of them (8); it received nothing from the other.last ~2100d agoLast: block 10,795,745 · ~2020-12-06. First ever: block 10,793,208 · ~2020-12-05. Dates estimated from the block distance.8 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x1e68...cafe0x1e68be052a9a9ff04714582831457a9b319bcafe7 tok7 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.This address was the recipient in all of them (7); it sent nothing to the other.last ~56d agoLast: block 25,508,465 · ~2026-07-11. First ever: block 23,816,455 · ~2025-11-18. Dates estimated from the block distance.7 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
Pendle: YT-Karak-WEETH-26SEP2024 TokenPendle: YT-Karak-WEETH-26SEP2024 Token (0x5439c3ef0072e4a19c44478cdf947f5d957e66c7)4 dir · 3 tok4 direct transactions, 3 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 5 of them this address was the sender, in 3 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~412d agoLast: block 22,947,954 · ~2025-07-20. First ever: block 20,215,636 · ~2024-07-06. Dates estimated from the block distance.7 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.
0x7dcf...91dc0x7dcf4570a14755e2c7223fba365c04590d9291dc1 dir · 6 tok1 direct transactions, 6 with a token transfer — reverts included, and one transaction can be several of these at once.In 6 of them this address was the sender, in 1 the recipient — one transaction can be both, so the two do not add up to the total.last ~767d agoLast: block 20,388,294 · ~2024-07-30. First ever: block 20,388,294 · ~2024-07-30. Dates estimated from the block distance.7 txTransactions where the two interacted — direct, token or internal. Ranked by the ones that succeeded.